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Slower transaction speeds due to network congestion.
Limited throughput, which can hinder the growth of decentralized applications (dApps).
Need for scaling solutions:
As Ethereum gains popularity, the demand for transactions increases.
Users and developers require a more efficient way to interact with the blockchain.
Scaling solutions help alleviate congestion and reduce costs, making Ethereum more accessible.
Polygon addresses these issues by offering a framework for building and connecting Ethereum-compatible blockchain networks, allowing for greater flexibility and scalability. By partnering with Rapid Innovation, clients can leverage Polygon's capabilities, including layer 2 matic, to enhance their applications, ensuring they remain competitive in a rapidly evolving market. For more insights on scaling solutions, check out Blockchain Scalability Guide 2024: Layer 2 Solutions & Beyond | Expert Insights.
2. What are Layer 2 scaling solutions?
Layer 2 scaling solutions are protocols built on top of a blockchain (Layer 1) to improve its scalability and efficiency. They aim to process transactions off the main chain while still leveraging the security of the underlying blockchain.
Key features of Layer 2 solutions:
Increased transaction throughput: They can handle a larger number of transactions per second (TPS).
Lower transaction costs: By processing transactions off-chain, they reduce fees significantly.
Enhanced user experience: Faster confirmation times lead to a smoother experience for users.
Types of Layer 2 solutions:
State channels: Allow participants to conduct multiple transactions off-chain and settle the final state on-chain.
Sidechains: Independent blockchains that run parallel to the main chain, with their own consensus mechanisms.
Rollups: Bundle multiple transactions into a single one, reducing the load on the main chain.
Layer 2 solutions, such as polygon matic layer 2, are essential for the growth of decentralized applications and the overall Ethereum ecosystem, as they help to overcome the limitations of the base layer. By collaborating with Rapid Innovation, clients can implement these solutions effectively, maximizing their return on investment (ROI) and ensuring their projects are scalable and efficient. For further reading on Layer 2 solutions, see Enhancing Ethereum: Layer-2 Solutions for Scalability and Efficiency.
3. What are zk-Rollups on Polygon?
zk-Rollups are a specific type of Layer 2 scaling solution that utilizes zero-knowledge proofs to enhance transaction efficiency and privacy. They aggregate multiple transactions into a single proof, which is then submitted to the main Ethereum chain.
Key characteristics of zk-Rollups:
Scalability: They can significantly increase the number of transactions processed per second by bundling them together.
Security: They inherit the security of the Ethereum main chain, as the validity of transactions is verified through cryptographic proofs.
Privacy: Zero-knowledge proofs allow for transaction validation without revealing sensitive information about the transactions themselves.
Benefits of zk-Rollups on Polygon:
Reduced gas fees: By processing transactions off-chain, users can enjoy lower costs.
Faster transaction speeds: Transactions can be confirmed more quickly, improving the overall user experience.
Enhanced dApp performance: Developers can build more complex applications without worrying about network congestion.
zk-Rollups represent a promising solution for scaling Ethereum and improving the efficiency of the Polygon network, particularly through polygon scaling solutions, making it an attractive option for developers and users alike. By choosing Rapid Innovation as your partner, you can harness the power of zk-Rollups to drive your projects forward, ensuring they are both cost-effective and high-performing. Our expertise in AI and blockchain development will help you achieve your goals efficiently and effectively, ultimately leading to greater ROI. For more information on scaling the future of blockchain, refer to Scaling the Future: Blockchain Scalability.
3.1. How do zk-Rollups work?
zk-Rollups are a layer 2 scaling solution for blockchains, primarily Ethereum, that enhance transaction throughput while maintaining security and decentralization. They work by bundling multiple transactions into a single proof, which is then submitted to the main blockchain.
Zero-Knowledge Proofs: zk-Rollups utilize zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) to validate transactions without revealing the underlying data. This ensures privacy and security.
Batching Transactions: Instead of processing each transaction individually on the main chain, zk-Rollups aggregate many transactions into a single batch. This reduces the load on the main blockchain.
On-chain and Off-chain Components:
Off-chain: Transactions are executed off the main chain, and only the proof of these transactions is sent to the main chain.
On-chain: The main chain only needs to verify the validity of the proof, which is computationally efficient.
State Updates: After the proof is verified, the state of the blockchain is updated to reflect the new balances and changes resulting from the batched transactions.
3.2. What are the advantages of zk-Rollups?
zk-Rollups offer several benefits that make them an attractive solution for scaling blockchains.
Increased Scalability:
Can handle thousands of transactions per second, significantly more than the main chain.
Reduces congestion on the main blockchain.
Lower Transaction Costs:
By batching transactions, the cost per transaction is reduced.
Users benefit from lower fees compared to executing transactions directly on the main chain.
Enhanced Security:
Maintains the security of the main blockchain since the validity of transactions is proven through cryptographic proofs.
Reduces the risk of fraud as the proofs ensure that only valid transactions are included.
Privacy Features:
Transactions can be conducted privately, as zk-Rollups do not disclose transaction details on the main chain.
Useful for applications requiring confidentiality.
Interoperability:
Can be integrated with existing blockchain protocols without significant changes.
Facilitates the development of decentralized applications (dApps) that require high throughput.
3.3. What are the challenges of implementing zk-Rollups?
Despite their advantages, zk-Rollups face several challenges that can hinder their widespread adoption.
Complexity of Implementation:
Developing zk-Rollup solutions requires advanced cryptographic knowledge and expertise.
The complexity can lead to potential vulnerabilities if not implemented correctly.
Computational Overhead:
Generating zero-knowledge proofs can be computationally intensive, which may lead to delays in processing.
Requires significant resources, which can be a barrier for smaller projects.
Limited Ecosystem Support:
The current ecosystem for zk-Rollups is still developing, with fewer tools and libraries available compared to other scaling solutions.
Adoption may be slow as developers may prefer more established solutions.
User Experience:
Users may face challenges in understanding how to interact with zk-Rollup-based applications.
The transition from traditional blockchain transactions to zk-Rollups may require education and support.
Regulatory Concerns:
The privacy features of zk-Rollups may raise regulatory questions, especially in jurisdictions with strict anti-money laundering (AML) and know-your-customer (KYC) regulations.
Balancing privacy with compliance can be a significant challenge for developers and users alike.
At Rapid Innovation, we understand the intricacies of zk-Rollups scaling solution and can guide you through the implementation process, ensuring that you reap the benefits while mitigating the challenges. By partnering with us, you can expect enhanced scalability, reduced transaction costs, and improved security for your blockchain applications, ultimately leading to greater ROI. Our expertise in AI and blockchain development positions us as a valuable ally in achieving your business goals efficiently and effectively. For more insights on blockchain scalability, check out our article on Revolutionizing Blockchain Scalability with ZK Rollup Technology.
4. What are Optimistic Rollups on Polygon?
Optimistic Rollups are a layer 2 scaling solution designed to enhance the performance of blockchain networks, particularly Ethereum. Polygon, a popular layer 2 scaling platform, utilizes Optimistic Rollups to improve transaction throughput and reduce costs.
They bundle multiple transactions into a single batch, which is then submitted to the main Ethereum chain.
The term "optimistic" refers to the assumption that transactions are valid by default, which allows for faster processing.
If a transaction is disputed, a challenge mechanism is in place to verify its validity.
4.1. How do Optimistic Rollups work?
Optimistic Rollups operate on a simple yet effective principle that relies on the assumption of transaction validity. Here’s how they function:
Batching Transactions: Multiple transactions are aggregated into a single rollup block. This reduces the number of transactions that need to be processed on the Ethereum mainnet.
Posting to Ethereum: The rollup block is then posted to the Ethereum blockchain, where it is recorded as a single transaction. This minimizes the load on the main chain.
Challenge Period: After a rollup block is submitted, there is a challenge period during which anyone can contest the validity of the transactions. If no challenges are raised, the transactions are considered valid.
Fraud Proofs: If a challenge occurs, the system uses fraud proofs to verify the legitimacy of the disputed transaction. This process ensures that only valid transactions are finalized.
Finality: Once the challenge period expires without disputes, the transactions are finalized, and users can safely assume their transactions are confirmed.
4.2. What are the advantages of Optimistic Rollups?
Optimistic Rollups offer several benefits that make them an attractive solution for scaling blockchain networks:
Increased Throughput: By batching transactions, Optimistic Rollups significantly increase the number of transactions processed per second compared to the Ethereum mainnet.
Lower Fees: Transaction costs are reduced as users only pay for the rollup batch rather than individual transactions, making it more economical.
Faster Confirmation Times: Transactions can be confirmed more quickly since they are processed off-chain and only periodically submitted to the main chain.
Compatibility with Ethereum: Optimistic Rollups are designed to be compatible with existing Ethereum smart contracts, allowing developers to easily migrate their applications, including those utilizing optimistic rollup projects.
Security: They inherit the security of the Ethereum mainnet, as the finality of transactions is still tied to the main chain.
Scalability: Optimistic Rollups can handle a large volume of transactions, making them suitable for applications with high demand, such as those using arbitrum rollup or polygon optimistic rollup.
User Experience: The faster transaction times and lower fees enhance the overall user experience, encouraging more users to engage with decentralized applications, including those built on optimistic virtual machine.
These advantages position Optimistic Rollups as a promising solution for addressing the scalability challenges faced by Ethereum and other blockchain networks. At Rapid Innovation, we leverage these technologies, including optimism roll up and optimism zk rollups, to help our clients achieve greater ROI by optimizing their blockchain applications, reducing operational costs, and enhancing user engagement. Partnering with us means you can expect efficient solutions tailored to your specific needs, ultimately driving your business success in the rapidly evolving digital landscape.
4.3. What are the challenges of implementing Optimistic Rollups?
Fraud Proofs Complexity:
Optimistic Rollups rely on fraud proofs to ensure the validity of transactions.
If a transaction is challenged, the system must execute a complex verification process, which can be resource-intensive.
Latency Issues:
There is an inherent delay in finalizing transactions due to the challenge period, which can last several days.
Optimistic Rollups assume that most participants will act honestly, which can be a risky assumption in decentralized environments.
If a significant number of participants act maliciously, it could compromise the system's integrity.
Integration with Existing Protocols:
Integrating Optimistic Rollups with existing blockchain protocols can be challenging.
Developers must ensure compatibility and may need to modify existing smart contracts.
User Experience:
The complexity of understanding how Optimistic Rollups work can deter users.
Users may be confused by the need to wait for challenge periods before transactions are finalized.
Limited Ecosystem Support:
The ecosystem for Optimistic Rollups is still developing, which can limit the availability of tools and resources for developers.
Fewer projects may be built on Optimistic Rollups compared to more established solutions.
5. How do zk-Rollups and Optimistic Rollups compare?
Underlying Technology:
zk-Rollups use zero-knowledge proofs to validate transactions, ensuring that only valid transactions are included in the rollup.
Optimistic Rollups assume transactions are valid by default and only check them if challenged.
Transaction Finality:
zk-Rollups provide immediate finality as transactions are verified before being added to the blockchain.
Optimistic Rollups have a delay due to the challenge period, which can last several days.
Scalability:
Both solutions aim to improve scalability, but they do so in different ways.
zk-Rollups can handle a higher number of transactions per second due to their efficient proof generation.
Security Model:
zk-Rollups offer stronger security guarantees since they verify transactions before they are finalized.
Optimistic Rollups rely on the assumption that most participants will act honestly, which can be less secure.
Complexity of Implementation:
zk-Rollups can be more complex to implement due to the need for zero-knowledge proof systems.
Optimistic Rollups may be easier to implement but come with their own set of challenges.
Cost of Transactions:
zk-Rollups can potentially offer lower transaction costs due to their efficient proof generation.
Optimistic Rollups may incur higher costs during the challenge period if disputes arise.
5.1. What are the key differences in transaction speed?
Transaction Confirmation Time:
zk-Rollups provide faster transaction confirmations since they validate transactions before they are added to the blockchain.
Optimistic Rollups have a delay due to the challenge period, which can slow down transaction finality.
Throughput:
zk-Rollups can achieve higher throughput, processing thousands of transactions per second due to their efficient validation process.
Optimistic Rollups may have lower throughput as they rely on the assumption of validity and require additional time for potential challenges.
User Experience:
Users of zk-Rollups experience quicker transaction confirmations, enhancing the overall user experience.
Users of Optimistic Rollups may face delays, which can lead to frustration, especially in time-sensitive transactions.
Impact of Challenges:
In zk-Rollups, challenges are not a concern since transactions are verified before inclusion.
In Optimistic Rollups, the challenge process can introduce significant delays, affecting transaction speed.
Network Congestion:
zk-Rollups can handle network congestion better due to their ability to process multiple transactions simultaneously.
Optimistic Rollups may struggle during high congestion periods, as the challenge process can slow down the entire system.
At Rapid Innovation, we understand the complexities and challenges associated with implementing advanced blockchain solutions like Optimistic Rollups challenges. Our expertise in AI and blockchain development allows us to guide clients through these challenges, ensuring a smoother integration process and ultimately achieving greater ROI. By partnering with us, clients can expect enhanced efficiency, reduced costs, and improved user experiences, all while navigating the evolving landscape of blockchain technology.
5.2. How do they differ in terms of security?
Layer 1 Security:
Layer 1 blockchains, like Ethereum, have their own security protocols and consensus mechanisms. They rely on a large number of validators to secure the network. The security of Layer 1 is often considered more robust due to its decentralized nature and the extensive resources dedicated to maintaining the network. Solutions like blockchain security solutions are critical in ensuring the integrity of these Layer 1 systems.
Layer 2 Security:
Layer 2 solutions, such as zk-Rollups, inherit security from the underlying Layer 1 blockchain. They utilize cryptographic proofs to ensure that transactions are valid without needing to post every transaction on-chain. zk-Rollups provide a high level of security by using zero-knowledge proofs, which allow for the verification of transactions without revealing the underlying data. Blockchain security in cloud computing use cases challenges and solutions can also play a role in enhancing Layer 2 security.
Attack Vectors:
Layer 1 networks can be vulnerable to attacks like 51% attacks, where a single entity gains control over the majority of the network's mining power. Layer 2 solutions can face unique challenges, such as the risk of fraud if the underlying Layer 1 is compromised or if the operators of the Layer 2 solution act maliciously.
Finality and Dispute Resolution:
Layer 1 transactions typically achieve finality once confirmed, while Layer 2 solutions may have different mechanisms for finality and dispute resolution, which can affect security perceptions. The role of blockchain SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) can be crucial in monitoring and managing these security aspects.
5.3. Which solution offers better scalability?
Transaction Throughput:
Layer 1 blockchains often face limitations in transaction throughput due to block size and block time constraints. For example, Ethereum can handle around 30 transactions per second (TPS) under normal conditions. Layer 2 solutions, like zk-Rollups, can significantly increase TPS by bundling multiple transactions into a single proof, allowing for thousands of transactions to be processed off-chain and then settled on-chain. The integration of blockchain identity management companies can also enhance user verification processes, contributing to scalability.
Cost Efficiency:
Layer 1 transactions can be costly, especially during peak usage times, leading to higher gas fees. zk-Rollups reduce the cost per transaction by aggregating multiple transactions, which lowers the overall gas fees for users. The use of smart contract audit solutions can further ensure that these transactions are secure and efficient.
Network Congestion:
Layer 1 networks can become congested during high demand, leading to slower transaction times and increased fees. Layer 2 solutions alleviate this congestion by offloading transactions from the main chain, allowing for smoother and faster processing.
Flexibility and Adaptability:
Layer 1 solutions may require significant upgrades to improve scalability, which can be a lengthy process. Layer 2 solutions can be more flexible and can be adapted or upgraded without needing to change the underlying Layer 1 protocol.
6. What are the use cases for zk-Rollups on Polygon?
Decentralized Finance (DeFi):
zk-Rollups can enhance development of DeFi applications by providing faster and cheaper transactions, making it easier for users to trade, lend, and borrow assets. They can support complex financial instruments while maintaining security and privacy.
Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs):
zk-Rollups can facilitate the minting, buying, and selling of NFTs with lower fees and faster transaction times. They can help scale NFT marketplaces, allowing for a larger volume of transactions without compromising security.
Gaming Applications:
In-game transactions can benefit from zk-Rollups by enabling quick and cost-effective microtransactions, enhancing user experience. They can support complex game mechanics that require frequent updates and interactions without lag.
Identity and Privacy Solutions:
zk-Rollups can be used to create privacy-preserving identity solutions, allowing users to prove their identity without revealing personal information. This can be particularly useful in applications requiring KYC (Know Your Customer) compliance while maintaining user privacy.
Supply Chain Management:
zk-Rollups can improve transparency and efficiency in supply chain management by securely tracking goods and transactions without revealing sensitive data. They can help in verifying the authenticity of products while ensuring that transaction costs remain low.
Cross-Chain Interoperability:
zk-Rollups can facilitate interactions between different blockchains, allowing for seamless asset transfers and communication. This can enhance the overall ecosystem by enabling users to leverage the strengths of multiple blockchains.
At Rapid Innovation, we understand the complexities of cross-chain development and are committed to helping our clients navigate these challenges. By partnering with us, you can expect tailored solutions that not only enhance security and scalability but also drive greater ROI for your business. Our expertise in AI and blockchain development ensures that you achieve your goals efficiently and effectively, positioning you for success in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.
7. What are the use cases for Optimistic Rollups on Polygon?
Optimistic Rollups are a layer 2 scaling solution that enhances the Ethereum network's transaction throughput and reduces costs. On Polygon, they have several compelling use cases:
Decentralized Finance (DeFi): Optimistic Rollups can significantly improve transaction speeds and lower fees for DeFi applications, making them more accessible to users. This includes lending platforms, decentralized exchanges, and yield farming protocols.
Gaming: The gaming industry can benefit from Optimistic Rollups by enabling faster transactions and reducing latency. This is crucial for real-time interactions in blockchain-based games, where players need to execute transactions quickly.
Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs): Optimistic Rollups facilitate the minting, buying, and selling of NFTs with lower gas fees and faster confirmation times, enhancing the user experience in NFT marketplaces.
Supply Chain Management: Businesses can use Optimistic Rollups to track products through the supply chain efficiently. The increased transaction speed allows for real-time updates and better transparency.
Identity Verification: Optimistic Rollups can streamline identity verification processes by allowing users to submit and verify their credentials quickly and securely, reducing the burden on the main Ethereum chain.
8. How to choose between zk-Rollups and Optimistic Rollups for your Polygon project?
When deciding between zk-Rollups and Optimistic Rollups for a project on Polygon, consider the following factors:
Transaction Speed:
zk-Rollups generally offer faster finality since they use zero-knowledge proofs to validate transactions instantly.
Optimistic Rollups may have longer confirmation times due to the challenge period for fraud proofs.
Cost Efficiency:
zk-Rollups can be more cost-effective for high-frequency transactions due to lower gas fees.
Optimistic Rollups may incur higher costs during the challenge period, especially if disputes arise.
Complexity of Implementation:
zk-Rollups require a deeper understanding of cryptographic proofs, making them more complex to implement.
Optimistic Rollups are easier to integrate into existing Ethereum applications, as they do not require significant changes to the smart contract logic.
Security Model:
zk-Rollups provide stronger security guarantees since they validate transactions off-chain and only submit proofs to the main chain.
Optimistic Rollups rely on the assumption that most participants act honestly, which can introduce risks if a significant number of validators are malicious.
Use Case Suitability:
For applications requiring high throughput and low latency, zk-Rollups may be preferable.
For projects that prioritize ease of use and integration, Optimistic Rollups might be the better choice.
9. What is the future of scaling solutions on Polygon?
The future of scaling solutions on Polygon looks promising, driven by ongoing developments and community engagement. Key aspects include:
Increased Adoption: As more projects migrate to Polygon, the demand for efficient scaling solutions will grow, leading to further innovations in both zk-Rollups and Optimistic Rollups.
Interoperability: Future scaling solutions will likely focus on enhancing interoperability between different layer 2 solutions and the Ethereum mainnet, allowing seamless asset transfers and interactions.
Enhanced User Experience: Developers will continue to prioritize user experience, leading to improvements in transaction speeds, lower fees, and more intuitive interfaces for end-users.
Ecosystem Growth: The Polygon ecosystem is expected to expand with new partnerships and integrations, fostering a diverse range of applications that leverage scaling solutions.
Research and Development: Ongoing research into new cryptographic techniques and consensus mechanisms will likely yield more efficient and secure scaling solutions, further enhancing Polygon's capabilities.
Regulatory Considerations: As blockchain technology matures, regulatory frameworks will evolve, impacting how scaling solutions are developed and implemented on Polygon.
Community Engagement: The active involvement of the Polygon community will drive innovation and adoption, ensuring that scaling solutions remain relevant and effective in meeting user needs.
At Rapid Innovation, we understand the intricacies of these technologies and can guide you in selecting the right solution for your project. By partnering with us, you can expect enhanced efficiency, reduced costs, and a greater return on investment as we help you navigate the evolving landscape of blockchain and AI solutions.
9.1. Are there any upcoming improvements for zk-Rollups?
zk-Rollups are gaining traction due to their ability to enhance scalability and privacy on blockchain networks.
Upcoming improvements include:
Enhanced interoperability: Future zk-Rollup implementations aim to improve compatibility with various blockchain ecosystems, allowing for seamless asset transfers and interactions.
Increased throughput: Developers are working on optimizing zk-SNARKs (Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Arguments of Knowledge) to process more transactions per second, significantly boosting network capacity.
Lower costs: Efforts are underway to reduce the computational complexity of zk-Rollups, which could lead to lower transaction fees for users.
User-friendly interfaces: Improved tooling and interfaces are being developed to make zk-Rollups more accessible to developers and end-users.
Notable projects like zkSync and StarkWare are at the forefront of these advancements, continuously iterating on their technology to enhance performance and usability.
9.2. What developments are expected for Optimistic Rollups?
Optimistic Rollups are another layer-2 scaling solution that relies on a different mechanism than zk-Rollups.
Key developments anticipated include:
Fraud-proof enhancements: Improvements in the fraud-proof mechanism will make it easier to challenge invalid transactions, increasing the security and reliability of Optimistic Rollups.
Integration with Ethereum 2.0: As Ethereum transitions to a proof-of-stake model, Optimistic Rollups are expected to integrate more seamlessly, benefiting from the network's scalability improvements.
Cross-rollup communication: Future developments may focus on enabling communication between different Optimistic Rollups, allowing for greater flexibility and interoperability across various applications.
Ecosystem growth: More decentralized applications (dApps) are expected to adopt Optimistic Rollups, leading to a broader ecosystem and increased user adoption.
Projects like Arbitrum and Optimism are leading the charge in these developments, continuously refining their technology to enhance user experience and scalability.
10. How do Polygon's scaling solutions compare to other blockchain networks?
Polygon offers a suite of scaling solutions designed to enhance Ethereum's capabilities, making it a strong competitor in the blockchain space.
Key comparisons include:
Layer-2 solutions: Polygon provides various layer-2 options, including zk-Rollups and Plasma, which are designed to improve transaction speeds and reduce costs compared to Ethereum's base layer. This positions Polygon as a leader in layer 2 scaling solutions.
Interoperability: Polygon's architecture allows for easy integration with other blockchains, making it more versatile than some other networks that may be more siloed. This enhances the scalability of blockchain applications.
Developer-friendly: Polygon's tools and SDKs are designed to be user-friendly, attracting developers looking to build scalable dApps without the complexities often associated with other networks. This is crucial for the growth of blockchain scalability solutions.
Transaction costs: Polygon generally offers lower transaction fees compared to Ethereum and other networks, making it an attractive option for users and developers alike, especially in the context of crypto scaling solutions.
Overall, Polygon's focus on scalability, interoperability, and user experience positions it as a competitive player among blockchain networks, particularly in the context of Ethereum's ecosystem.
At Rapid Innovation, we leverage these advancements in blockchain technology to help our clients achieve their goals efficiently and effectively. By integrating cutting-edge solutions like zk-Rollups and Optimistic Rollups, we enable businesses to enhance their operational efficiency, reduce costs, and ultimately achieve greater ROI. Partnering with us means you can expect tailored solutions that not only meet your specific needs but also position you at the forefront of technological innovation in the blockchain space, including layer 1 scaling solutions and layer 2 blockchain solutions.
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